01-May May’s Magic: Blooms & Lore Tile Image

01-May May’s Magic: Blooms & Lore

Summary

Did you know May was named after a Greek nymph—or that London’s Mayfair owes its name to ancient merriment? From dew-kissed beauty rituals to Jack in the Green dancing through the streets, May brims with myth and natural wonder. Will hawthorn bloom by the 1st? Why was its scent once feared? And where can you find 300-year-old thorns in the city? Return on 01 May to uncover May’s secrets—where flowers, folklore, and birdsong collide in a London spring.

Article

Introduction

May is named after Maia, a Greek mountain nymph who was the daughter of Atlas. Other than holding the sky in place, he was also father of the Pleiades, a star cluster where his daughter can still be seen as its brightest star, a blue-white giant. The month has always been synonymous with ‘merriment’ and fairs, hence the borough of Mayfair. Crowning the May Queen with may blossom on May 1st has associations with the rebirth of Flora, the Roman goddess of flowers and the spring. Her festival, Floratia, was celebrated in ancient Rome on May 1st with courtesans being allowed to participate. Many superstitions surrounded this day. Bathing your face in dew, or even kissing dew, was thought to make you more beautiful. The month is noted principally for its flowers and birdsong.

01-May May’s Magic: Blooms & Lore Section Image

01-May May’s Magic: Blooms & Lore Section Image

The weather can be very cold or very warm. When winter ‘lingers in the lap of May’, flowers can be held back a week or more. The phrase ‘ne’er cast a clout till May is out’ refers to any additional clothing needed at such times.

Alternatively, records show temperatures in London have soared to as much as ninety degrees in May. Any heat greatly swells the number of insects, which in turn tempts the last of the summer migrants back from Africa. Fresh green leaves are now everywhere, and tree canopies close over. Most habitats are worth visiting due to all the new flowers and all the new birds singing. Gardens and parks are just as noisy as reed beds and both are good places to see any rarer birds on passage.

Hawthorn or May Blossom

In 1752 the calendar changed, putting the date eleven days ahead, which meant may blossom i.e. hawthorn, usually started to flower in the middle of the month. Nowadays it is usual to see may blossom on May 1st and perhaps even late April. One form or another of hawthorn (Crataegus) can be seen almost every day of the month. The plant has a rich natural history. The Greeks regarded it as an emblem of hope. Because of this, Roman brides carried a torch made of its wood at nuptial progresses. It is another of those woods that burns ‘in the green’. In France they thought that hawthorn bushes groaned and sighed on Good Friday. In Tudor England young men went ‘a maying’ on May 1st accompanied by banging drums and blowing cow horns. The may blossom they collected was used to decorate their houses, the top of their maypole and their May queen.

01-May May’s Magic: Blooms & Lore Section Image

01-May May’s Magic: Blooms & Lore Section Image

The Puritans ordered all the maypoles to be removed but on the restoration of Charles 2nd an almost forty metre high maypole was erected in the Strand by twelve sailors. After the subsequent merriment and dancing it was sent off to Isaac Newton in Wanstead where it was used to support the then largest telescope in the world. Those dancing around the maypole included a chimney sweep who would dance around a man covered in greenery representing the Spring i.e. Jack in the Green. He asked everyone he met for cheese and bread.

01-May May’s Magic: Blooms & Lore Section Image

01-May May’s Magic: Blooms & Lore Section Image

There are two widely distributed species of wild hawthorn in the London area, Crataegus oxyacanthoides which is found in woods and C. monogyna which prefers woodland edges and hedges. C. monogyna is more commonly seen due to it being used to make hedges for centuries. In London’s parks and gardens there are numerous other species, varieties, clones and doubles varying from white through various shades of pink to scarlet. Some of these occasionally turn up in the wild, having been bird sown.

The flowers themselves have always been disliked and to this day are never brought indoors. They are never used in floral displays and were thought to bring bad luck. One reason is that their scent was thought to be similar to that of a corpse. It seems that hawthorn was even more common in the past than it is now, as early writers talk of the “all pervasive smell of may”.

01-May May’s Magic: Blooms & Lore Section Image

01-May May’s Magic: Blooms & Lore Section Image

Ancient wild hawthorns, possibly over three hundred years old, can be seen in Richmond Park and rare hawthorns in many London parks e.g. Hungarian hawthorn C. nigra in Greenwich Park, the Washington thorn C. phaenopyrum in Cannizaro Park and the Chinese hawthorn C. pinnatifida in Myatt’s Fields park. The azarole C. azarolus with its apple-flavoured haws was cultivated here in the past but is now virtually extinct. One can still be seen in the Chelsea Physic garden. The hawthorn famous for its fearsome eight centimetre thorns C. crus galli is widely planted in our parks as a vandal-proof shrub.

01-May May’s Magic: Blooms & Lore Section Image

01-May May’s Magic: Blooms & Lore Section Image